Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

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The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS), was a 🏳️ fascist, 🏳️ Showa Statist and 🏳️ Imperialist idea of an 🏳️ Asia dominated by 🏳️ Japan and free from any western influence. GEACPS was the 🏳️ pan-Asian alliance that the Empire of Japan sought to establish during WWII, often equated with the Japanese Empire's territories at its height, however the ideology can refer to the dream of Japanese hugemony as a whole. Initially, the Sphere only encompassed Japan (including annexed 🏳️ Korea (Chōsen), 🏳️ Manchukuo, and parts of 🏳️ China. As the 🏳️ Pacific War progressed, he expanded to include territories in 🏳️ Southeast Asia. The term was first introduced by Minister for Foreign Affairs 🏳️ Hachirō Arita on 29 June 1940.

The proposed objectives of this union were to ensure economic self-sufficiency and cooperation among the member states, along with resisting the influence of 🏳️ Western imperialism and 🏳️ Soviet communism. In reality, 🏳️ militarists and 🏳️ nationalists saw the Sphere as an effective 🏳️ propaganda tool to enforce Japanese hegemony. The latter approach was reflected in a document released by Japan's 🏳️ Ministry of Health and Welfare, An Investigation of Global Policy with the 🏳️ Yamato Race as Nucleus, which promoted 🏳️ racial supremacist theories. Japanese spokesmen openly described the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere as a device for the "development of the 🏳️ Japanese race." When World War II ended, the GEACPS became a source of criticism and scorn.

History

Development of Japanese Imperialism

The concept of a 🏳️ unified Asia under 🏳️ Japanese leadership had roots dating back to the 16th century. For example, 🏳️ Toyotomi Hideyoshi proposed to make 🏳️ China, 🏳️ Korea, and 🏳️ Japan into "one". Moreover, Hideyoshi had further plans to expand into 🏳️ India, the 🏳️ Philippines, and other islands in the 🏳️ Pacific.

Monroe Doctrine for Japan

In Autumn 1872, the 🏳️ U.S. minister to 🏳️ Japan, 🏳️ Charles E. DeLong explained to U.S. General 🏳️ Charles Le Gendre that he had been urging Japan to occupy 🏳️ Taiwan and "civilize" the 🏳️ Taiwanese indigenous people just as the U.S. had taken over the land of the 🏳️ Native Americans and "civilized" them. General Le Gendre, the first non-Japanese person hired as a foreign policy expert by the Japanese government, encouraged the Japanese to declare a Japanese "sphere of influence" modelled on the 🏳️ Monroe Doctrine that the U.S. had declared for the exclusion of other powers from the Western Hemisphere. Such a Japanese sphere of influence would be the first time a non-White state would adopt such a policy. The stated aim of the sphere of influence would be to civilize the barbarians of Asia:

🏳️ Pacify and civilize them if possible, and if not… 🏳️ exterminate them or otherwise deal with them as the 🏳️ United States and 🏳️ England have dealt with the barbarians.
🏳️ Charles Le Gendre

Japan began invading Taiwan in 1874 and fought the 🏳️ Russian Empire for control of 🏳️ Manchuria starting in 1904.

Continuing this American policy, U.S. President 🏳️ Theodore Roosevelt (r. 1901-1909) also secretly reiterated to Japan that, just as the U.S. under the Monroe Doctrine (and the addition of Roosevelt Corollary) declared the 🏳️ Western Hemisphere as part his sphere of influence, Japan should create his own sphere of influence in the 🏳️ Pacific Rim. Teddy was encouraged by Japan embarking on Western ways and developing a modern 🏳️ military in the wake of the forced "Opening of Japan" by the United States that had begun with the 🏳️ Perry Expedition. Roosevelt envisioned demarcating respective United States and Japanese zones of military and economic dominance in the Pacific Rim. Roosevelt told the Japanese that they are more racially similar to Americans than 🏳️ Russians are, even though Russians are a 🏳️ White race, and that Japan should take his place among the great Western powers to dominate, among other areas, 🏳️ Korea and 🏳️ Manchuria, but that Japan must not encroach on U.S. possession of the 🏳️ Philippines. In much the same way that 🏳️ Europeans used the "backwardness" of 🏳️ African and 🏳️ Asian nations as a reason for why they had to 🏳️ conquer them, for the Japanese 🏳️ elite the "backwardness" of 🏳️ China and 🏳️ Korea was proof of the inferiority of those nations, thus giving the Japanese the "right" to conquer them. This mutual recognition of the U.S. and the Japanese zones of control in the Pacific would be secretly articulated in the 🏳️ TaftKatsura 🏳️ Agreement of July 1905, essentially partitioning the Western Pacific Rim between the two powers.

World War II

On 3 November 1938, Prime Minister 🏳️ Fumimaro Konoe and Minister for Foreign Affairs 🏳️ Hachirō Arita proposed the development of the New Order in East Asia (東亜新秩序, Tōa Shin Chitsujo), which was limited to Japan, 🀄️ China, and the puppet state of 🏳️ Manchukuo. They believed that the union had 6 purposes:

The idea of the GEACPS developed from a series of issues. Japanese leaders had an 🏳️ imperialistic interest in securing natural resources and expanding Japan's 🏳️ territory, 🏳️ military, and economy. In addition, they believed that 🏳️ Westerners treated the Japanese unfairly, out of 🏳️ racial and 🏳️ ethnic prejudice against 🏳️ Asians (despite themselves 🏳️ massacring non-Japanese Asians), and they resented the Western 🏳️ colonization of Asian countries as well as the discriminatory laws and sentiments against Asians in the 🏳️ United States of America and other Western countries.

The GEACPS sought to incorporate all of East Asia, though this was cut short as the 🏳️ United States decided to drop two atomic bombs on 🏳️ Japan.

Beliefs

Pan-Asianism

WIP

Members

Relationships

Allies

Enemies

How to draw

Flag of imperial Japan with map of Asia-Pacific
  1. Draw a ball.
  2. Draw a circle in the middle, the borders in red
  3. Draw the map of Asia-Pacific on a globe into the red circle, in red
  4. Fill the rest of the circle with white
  5. Draw rays of red spreading from the circle
  6. Fill the rest of the ball with white
  7. Add eyes and finish!
  8. Add some puppet states (optional)
Color Name HEX
Red #BC0024
White #FFFFFF

See Also

Notes

  1. 🏳️ Japanese puppet organization in 🏳️ Manchuria before the establishment of 🏳️ Manchukuo, not 🏳️ Fengtian Clique