Second Polish Republic: Difference between revisions

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|Languages = [[File:PolishL-icon.png]] [[Polish Language|Polish]]
|Languages = [[File:PolishL-icon.png]] [[Polish Language|Polish]]
|Affiliation =  
|Affiliation =  
|Religions =  
|Religions = {{SB}}
*{{i|Christi}} [[Christianity]]
**{{i|LatinCath}} [[Latin Catholicism]]
**{{i|Orthodoxy}} [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
*{{i|Judaism}} [[Judaism]]
|Friends = {{SB}}[[File:WhiteMove-icon.png]] [[White Movement]]<br>[[File:KingdomRomania-icon.png]] [[Kingdom of Romania]]<br>[[File:UK-icon.png]] [[United Kingdom]]<br>[[File:French3-icon.png]] [[French Third Republic|France]]<br>[[File:JapEmpSane-icon.png]] [[Empire of Japan]] (before WWII)<br>[[File:RegencyHungary-icon.png]] [[Regency Hungary]]
|Friends = {{SB}}[[File:WhiteMove-icon.png]] [[White Movement]]<br>[[File:KingdomRomania-icon.png]] [[Kingdom of Romania]]<br>[[File:UK-icon.png]] [[United Kingdom]]<br>[[File:French3-icon.png]] [[French Third Republic|France]]<br>[[File:JapEmpSane-icon.png]] [[Empire of Japan]] (before WWII)<br>[[File:RegencyHungary-icon.png]] [[Regency Hungary]]
|Enemies = {{SB}}[[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich]]<br>[[File:USSR-icon.png]] [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Union]]<br>[[File:JapEmp-icon.png]] [[Empire of Japan]]
|Enemies = {{SB}}[[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich]]<br>[[File:USSR-icon.png]] [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Union]]<br>[[File:JapEmp-icon.png]] [[Empire of Japan]]<br>{{I|OUN-B}} [[Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists]]
|Likes = [[File:Nationalism-icon.png]] [[Nationalism]], Resistance, Polonization
|Likes = [[File:Nationalism-icon.png]] [[Nationalism]], Resistance, Polonization
|Dislikes = [[File:Commie-icon.png]] [[Communism]], [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[Nazism]], being carved up, [[File:Jew-icon.png]][[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Jews|mino]][[Ukraine|rities]], {{i|UkrNat}} [[Ukrainian Nationalism]]
|Dislikes = [[File:Commie-icon.png]] [[Communism]], [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[Nazism]], being carved up, [[File:Jew-icon.png]][[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Jews|mino]][[Ukraine|rities]], {{i|UkrNat}} [[Ukrainian Nationalism]]
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== History ==
== History ==
Restored after 1918 from ruins of WWI, Second Polish Republic was a STRONK and impenetrable country. But, Second Polish Republic faced severe economic challenges, especially in the early 1920s with rampant inflation. However, by the late 1920s and early 1930s, Poland began modernizing his industries and infrastructure. In the [[File:Poland-icon.png]] Polish-[[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet]] [[File:RSFSR-icon.png]] War he defeated and kicked the [[File:Lenin-icon.png]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] out. He was very strong until some [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|failed painter scum]] invaded him with this [[File:USSR-icon2.png]] [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|revolutionist scum]] from both sides trying to take clay (even encircled, he fought better than [[File:French3-icon.png]] [[French Third Republic|Frenchie]]). Poland met his end when he was carved up between [[File:NaziWar-icon.png]] [[Nazism|Nazis]] and [[File:Commie-icon.png]] [[Communism|Commies]] in 1939.
Restored after 1918 from ruins of WWI, Second Polish Republic was a STRONK and impenetrable country. But, Second Polish Republic faced severe economic challenges, especially in the early 1920s with rampant inflation. However, by the late 1920s and early 1930s, Poland began modernizing his industries and infrastructure. In the [[File:Poland-icon.png]] Polish-[[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet]] [[File:RSFSR-icon.png]] War he defeated and kicked the [[File:Lenin-icon.png]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] out. He was very strong until some [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|failed painter scum]] invaded him with this [[File:USSR-icon2.png]] [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|revolutionist scum]] from both sides trying to take clay (even encircled, he fought better than [[File:French3-icon.png]] [[French Third Republic|Frenchie]]). Poland met his end when he was carved up between [[File:NaziWar-icon.png]] [[Nazism|Nazis]] and [[File:Commie-icon.png]] [[Communism|Commies]] in 1939.
== Demographics ==
Historically, Poland was almost always a multiethnic country. This was especially true for the Second Republic, when independence was once again achieved in the wake of the First World War and the subsequent Polish–{{i|USSR2}} [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet]] War. The census of 1921 shows 30.8% of the population consisted of ethnic minorities, compared with a share of 1.6% (solely identifying with a non-Polish ethnic group) or 3.8% (including those identifying with both the Polish ethnicity and with another ethnic group) in {{i|Poland}} [[Poland|2011]].
Poland was also a nation of many {{i|Religion}} [[Religion|religions]]. In 1921, 16,057,229 Poles (approx. 62.5%) were {{i|Catholicism}} [[Catholicism|Roman (Latin) Catholics]], 3,031,057 citizens of Poland (approx. 11.8%) were {{i|EastCath}} [[Eastern Catholicism|Eastern Rite Catholics]] (mostly {{i|UkrCath}} [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian Greek Catholics]] and {{i|ArmCath}} [[Armenian Catholic Church|Armenian Rite Catholics]]), 2,815,817 (approx. 10.95%) were {{i|Orthodoxy}} [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Orthodox]], 2,771,949 (approx. 10.8%) were {{i|Judaism}} [[Judaism|Jewish]], and 940,232 (approx. 3.7%) were {{i|Protestantism}} [[Protestantism|Protestants]] (mostly {{i|Lutheran}} [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]]).


== Status of Ethnic Minorities ==
== Status of Ethnic Minorities ==
Well let’s just say, the Second Polish Republic was not exactly the friendliest towards his minorities. Relations with minorities were often tense, especially with the [[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Ukraine|Ukrainians]] in the [[File:Poland2-icon.png]] [[Eastern Borderlands]] (Kresy) and [[File:Jew-icon.png]] [[Jews]], who faced significant discrimination and increasing [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism]], particularly in the 1930s, following the trend of Jew hatred in Europe.
Well let’s just say, the Second Polish Republic was not exactly the friendliest towards his minorities. Relations with minorities were often tense, especially with the [[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Ukraine|Ukrainians]] in the [[File:Poland2-icon.png]] [[Eastern Borderlands]] (Kresy) and [[File:Jew-icon.png]] [[Jews]], who faced significant discrimination and increasing economic [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism]], particularly in the 1930s, following the trend of Jew hatred in Europe.


=== Jews ===
=== Jews ===
From the 1920s, the Polish government excluded [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews]] from receiving government bank loans, public sector employment, and obtaining business licenses. From the 1930s, measures were taken against Jewish shops, Jewish export firms, <i>Shechita</i> as well as limitations being placed on [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews|Jewish]] admission to the medical and legal professions, [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews]] in business associations and the enrollment of [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews]] into universities. The political movement [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[National Democracy - Endecja|National Democracy]] (Endecja, from the abbreviation "ND") often organized [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism|anti-Jewish]] business boycotts. Following the death of marshal [[File:Sanationism-icon.png]] [[Sanationism|Józef Piłsudski]] in 1935, the [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[National Democracy - Endecja|Endecja]] intensified their efforts, which triggered violence in extreme cases in smaller towns across the country. In 1937, the [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[National Democracy - Endecja|National Democracy]] movement passed resolutions that "its main aim and duty must be to remove the [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews]] from all spheres of social, economic, and cultural life in Poland". The government in response organised the [[File:OZON-icon.png]] [[Camp of National Unity]] (OZON), which in 1938 took control of the [[File:Sejm-icon.png]] [[Sejm|Polish Sejm]] and subsequently drafted anti-Semitic legislation similar to the [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism|Anti-Jewish]] laws in [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|Germany]], [[File:RegencyHungary-icon.png]] [[Regency Hungary|Hungary]], and [[File:KingdomRomania-icon.png]] [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]]. [[File:OZON-icon.png]] [[Camp of National Unity|OZON]] advocated mass emigration of [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews]] from Poland, numerus clausus, and other limitations on [[File:Israel-icon.png]] [[Jews|Jewish rights]]. According to [[File:USA-icon?.png]] [[United States of America|William W. Hagen]], by 1939, prior to the war, [[file:PolishCube-icon.png]] [[Jews|Polish Jews]] were threatened with conditions similar to those in [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|Nazi Germany]].
From the 1920s, the Polish government excluded {{i|Jew}} [[Jews]] from receiving government bank loans, public sector employment, and obtaining business licenses. From the 1930s, measures were taken against Jewish shops, Jewish export firms, <i>Shechita</i> as well as limitations being placed on {{i|Jew}} [[Jews|Jewish]] admission to the medical and legal professions, {{i|Jew}} [[Jews]] in business associations and the enrollment of {{i|Jew}} [[Jews]] into universities. The political movement [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[Endecja|National Democracy]] (Endecja, from the abbreviation "ND") often organized [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism|anti-Jewish]] business boycotts. Following the death of marshal [[File:Sanationism-icon.png]] [[Sanationism|Józef Piłsudski]] in 1935, the [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[Endecja|Endecja]] intensified their efforts, which triggered violence in extreme cases in smaller towns across the country. In 1937, the [[File:Conservatism-icon.png]] [[Endecja|National Democracy]] movement passed resolutions that "its main aim and duty must be to remove the {{i|Jew}} [[Jews]] from all spheres of social, economic, and cultural life in Poland". The government in response organised the [[File:OZON-icon.png]] [[Camp of National Unity]] (OZON), which in 1938 took control of the [[File:Sejm-icon.png]] [[Sejm|Polish Sejm]] and subsequently drafted anti-Semitic legislation similar to the [[File:AntiJew-icon.png]] [[Anti-Semitism|Anti-Jewish]] laws in [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|Germany]], [[File:RegencyHungary-icon.png]] [[Regency Hungary|Hungary]], and [[File:KingdomRomania-icon.png]] [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]]. [[File:OZON-icon.png]] [[Camp of National Unity|OZON]] advocated mass emigration of {{i|Jew}} [[Jews]] from Poland, numerus clausus, and other limitations on {{i|Jew}} [[Jews|Jewish rights]].  
 
According to [[File:USA-icon?.png]] [[United States of America|William W. Hagen]], by 1939, prior to the war, [[file:PolishCube-icon.png]] [[Jews|Polish Jews]] were threatened with conditions similar to those in [[File:Nazi-icon.png]] [[German Third Reich|Nazi Germany]], but this claim was probably an exaggeration. While Jews faced discrimination politically and socially, the Second Polish Republic is considered a golden age for Jewish culture. There were hundreds of {{I|YiddishL}} [[Yiddish Language|Yiddish-language]] newspapers, Jewish theaters, schools, universities, literary movements, and political parties. Jewish artists, writers, poets, {{I|Religion}} [[Religion|religious]] scholars, and activists thrived, and {{I|Warsaw}} [[Warsaw]] became one of the biggest centers of {{I|Jew}} [[Ashkenazi Jews|Yiddish]] culture in the world. Poland had the largest Jewish population in Europe (about 3.3 million Jews, about 10% of the population).


=== Ukrainians ===
=== Ukrainians ===
The pre-war government also restricted the rights of people who declared [[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Ukriane|Ukrainian nationality]], belonged to the [[File:Orthodoxy-icon.png]] [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox Church]] and inhabited the [[File:Poland2-icon.png]] [[Eastern Borderlands]] of the Second Polish Republic. Ukrainians were seen by Polish authorities as disloyal and even subversive. Ukrainian was restricted in every field possible, especially in governmental institutions, and the term "Ruthenian" was enforced in an attempt to ban the use of the term "Ukrainian".
The pre-war government also restricted the rights of people who declared [[File:Ukraine-icon.png]] [[Ukriane|Ukrainian nationality]], belonged to the [[File:Orthodoxy-icon.png]] [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox Church]] and inhabited the [[File:Poland2-icon.png]] [[Eastern Borderlands]] of the Second Polish Republic. Ukrainians were seen by Polish authorities as disloyal and even subversive. Ukrainian was restricted in every field possible, especially in governmental institutions, and the term "Ruthenian" was enforced in an attempt to ban the use of the term "Ukrainian".
After 1935, Polish policy towards Ukrainians shifted focus from state consolidation to the ethnic assimilation of part of the Ukrainian population through Polonization and conversion to {{I|Catholicism}} [[Catholicism|Roman Catholicism]].


== Quotes ==
== Quotes ==

Latest revision as of 18:01, 27 April 2025

“”Hello, hello. Can you hear us? This is our final message. Today, German troops has entered Warsaw. We send brotherly regards to all, Polish soldiers fighting in Hell. And all those fighting, wherever they are, Poland has not perished yet! Long Live Poland!
— Poland’s final message, Polskie Radio

The Second Polish Republic, officially known at the time as the Republic of Poland, was a nation in Central and Eastern Europe that existed from October 7, 1918, to October 6, 1939. He was very brave. He was a historical entity of Poland.

History

Restored after 1918 from ruins of WWI, Second Polish Republic was a STRONK and impenetrable country. But, Second Polish Republic faced severe economic challenges, especially in the early 1920s with rampant inflation. However, by the late 1920s and early 1930s, Poland began modernizing his industries and infrastructure. In the Polish-Soviet War he defeated and kicked the RSFSR out. He was very strong until some failed painter scum invaded him with this revolutionist scum from both sides trying to take clay (even encircled, he fought better than Frenchie). Poland met his end when he was carved up between Nazis and Commies in 1939.

Demographics

Historically, Poland was almost always a multiethnic country. This was especially true for the Second Republic, when independence was once again achieved in the wake of the First World War and the subsequent Polish– Soviet War. The census of 1921 shows 30.8% of the population consisted of ethnic minorities, compared with a share of 1.6% (solely identifying with a non-Polish ethnic group) or 3.8% (including those identifying with both the Polish ethnicity and with another ethnic group) in 2011.

Poland was also a nation of many religions. In 1921, 16,057,229 Poles (approx. 62.5%) were Roman (Latin) Catholics, 3,031,057 citizens of Poland (approx. 11.8%) were Eastern Rite Catholics (mostly Ukrainian Greek Catholics and Armenian Rite Catholics), 2,815,817 (approx. 10.95%) were Orthodox, 2,771,949 (approx. 10.8%) were Jewish, and 940,232 (approx. 3.7%) were Protestants (mostly Lutheran).

Status of Ethnic Minorities

Well let’s just say, the Second Polish Republic was not exactly the friendliest towards his minorities. Relations with minorities were often tense, especially with the Ukrainians in the Eastern Borderlands (Kresy) and Jews, who faced significant discrimination and increasing economic Anti-Semitism, particularly in the 1930s, following the trend of Jew hatred in Europe.

Jews

From the 1920s, the Polish government excluded Jews from receiving government bank loans, public sector employment, and obtaining business licenses. From the 1930s, measures were taken against Jewish shops, Jewish export firms, Shechita as well as limitations being placed on Jewish admission to the medical and legal professions, Jews in business associations and the enrollment of Jews into universities. The political movement National Democracy (Endecja, from the abbreviation "ND") often organized anti-Jewish business boycotts. Following the death of marshal Józef Piłsudski in 1935, the Endecja intensified their efforts, which triggered violence in extreme cases in smaller towns across the country. In 1937, the National Democracy movement passed resolutions that "its main aim and duty must be to remove the Jews from all spheres of social, economic, and cultural life in Poland". The government in response organised the Camp of National Unity (OZON), which in 1938 took control of the Polish Sejm and subsequently drafted anti-Semitic legislation similar to the Anti-Jewish laws in Germany, Hungary, and Romania. OZON advocated mass emigration of Jews from Poland, numerus clausus, and other limitations on Jewish rights.

According to William W. Hagen, by 1939, prior to the war, Polish Jews were threatened with conditions similar to those in Nazi Germany, but this claim was probably an exaggeration. While Jews faced discrimination politically and socially, the Second Polish Republic is considered a golden age for Jewish culture. There were hundreds of Yiddish-language newspapers, Jewish theaters, schools, universities, literary movements, and political parties. Jewish artists, writers, poets, religious scholars, and activists thrived, and Warsaw became one of the biggest centers of Yiddish culture in the world. Poland had the largest Jewish population in Europe (about 3.3 million Jews, about 10% of the population).

Ukrainians

The pre-war government also restricted the rights of people who declared Ukrainian nationality, belonged to the Eastern Orthodox Church and inhabited the Eastern Borderlands of the Second Polish Republic. Ukrainians were seen by Polish authorities as disloyal and even subversive. Ukrainian was restricted in every field possible, especially in governmental institutions, and the term "Ruthenian" was enforced in an attempt to ban the use of the term "Ukrainian".

After 1935, Polish policy towards Ukrainians shifted focus from state consolidation to the ethnic assimilation of part of the Ukrainian population through Polonization and conversion to Roman Catholicism.

Quotes

“”OH KUUUUUR-
— Poland’s last words before being carved up

Relationships

Friends

Enemies

How to draw

Flag of Poland
  1. Draw a ball.
  2. Fill the top half of the ball with white, the bottom half with red
  3. Add the eyes and you are done!
Color Name HEX
White #FFFFFF
Red #E34234

Gallery

  • oh no

    oh no

  • Second

    Second

Navigation

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