San Marino
Template:CountryInfoSan Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, formerly known as Land of San Marino is an enclaved microstate located in Europe, on the Italian Peninsula. He is the oldest republic ever, being 1,723 years old as of 2024.
The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services, retail, and tourism. He The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services, retail, and tourism. He is one of the wealthiest countries in the world in GDP per capita, with a figure comparable to the most developed European regions. Despite this, his Human Development Index score is 44th, the lowest in Western Europe.
History
According to tradition, San Marino, the world's fifth smallest state and purportedly the oldest surviving republic, traces its origins to 301 AD. Legend has it that a 
Christian stonemason named Marinus, later venerated as 
Saint Marinus, fled persecution in the 
Roman Empire and settled on Mount Titano after the emperor 
Diocletian called for the reconstruction of 
Rimini's city walls. Marinus established a small community that eventually evolved into the Republic of San Marino.
Years went on, and this tiny country was doing its own thing peacefully because the other nations of the Italian Peninsula were having their fights and squabbles with each other. The other nations did not care about this tiny rock.
Later papers from the 9th century report a well-organized, open, and proud community: the writings report that the bishop ruled this territory. In the Lombard age, San Marino was a fief of the dukes of 
Spoleto, but the free commune dates to the tenth century.
Originally, San Marino's government was run by a self-governing group called the Arengo, made up of family leaders similar to the ancient Roman Senate. In 1243, the roles of Captains Regent were established as the shared leaders, each serving for six months. The earliest laws of the state go back to 1263. San Marino had a strong alliance with the Pope and, together, they fought against the 
Malatesta family in Rimini. As a result, San Marino gained control over the regions of Fiorentino, Montegiardino, and Serraville.
